757例体检人群血脂水平调查分析

目的 :了解“健康”体检人群不同年龄组的血脂水平。方法 :对75 7例体检人群的血清甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C) ,按年龄分组 ,采用SPSS10 .0软件进行统计分析。结果 :2 0～ 2 9岁组的TG (1.2 8± 0 .63mmol/L)与 3 0～ 3 9岁组(1.5 6± 0 .78mmol/L)和 40～ 49岁组 (1.5 1± 0 .79mmol/L)均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;其它各组间无显著性差异。 2 0～ 2 9岁组的TC (4 .5 8± 0 .88mmol/L)与 3 0～ 3 9岁组 (4 .97± 0 .97mmol/L)、40～ 49岁组 (5 .0 0± 1.0 3mmol/L)、5 0～ 5 9岁组 (5 .0 0± 1.0 4mmol/L)、60～ 69岁组 (5 .0 7± 0 .96mmol/L)均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1);其它各组间无显著性差异。HDL C水平 70～ 77岁组均显著高于其它各年龄组 ,而其它各年龄组间无统计学差异。TG ,TC ,HDL C的异常率分布在各年龄组间无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :75 7例体检人群血脂水平呈升高趋势 ,中青年人群更为明显 ,应当提倡文明饮食和健康的生活方式 ,加强健康教育     

深圳市警察心理素质研究Ⅲ.心理健康与应对方式调查

目的：探讨深圳警察的心理健康和应对方式及其与人口学特征的关系。方法：通过团体测试方式对6107名深圳警察进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)和简易应对方式问卷调查。结果：深圳警察SCL-90的总均分、阳性症状均分及l0个因子分均显著低于全国常模；其积极应对得分显著高于全国常模，而消极应对得分显著低于全国常模。深圳男性警察的躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、敌对、偏执、精神病及总均分均显著高于女性，其积极应对得分显著低于女性。36-40岁年龄段及副科级警察SCL-90多项因子分在各年龄段及各职务级别警察中得分最高；45岁以前，随着年龄的递增，积极应对和消极应对两维度的均分均相应递增。结论：年龄、性别、文化程度和职务级别的不同对深圳警察的心理健康状况和应对方式存在一定影响。积极应对有利于心理健康。     

成年罪犯人格特征及父母教养方式的相关分析

目的：了解成年罪犯的人格特征及探讨父母教养方式与其人格的相关性。方法：对139名成年男性罪犯进行EPQ人格问卷,EMBU父母教养方式量表测试。结果：罪犯E、N、P分高于常模,L分低于常模,暴力型犯罪E分高于财产型犯罪。幼时家庭不完整者的“父母情感温暖、理解”、“父亲偏爱被试”因子分比幼时家庭完整者低。“父母情感温暖、理解”,“母亲过分干涉、过分保护”因子与E因子显著相关;“母子过分干涉、保护”及“母亲拒绝、否认”因子与N因子显著相关;“父母惩罚严厉、拒绝否认”因子与P因子显著相关。结论：罪犯的人格特征与父母教养方式显著相关。     

国内六地区饮酒情况及相关问题调查 Ⅲ.四种特殊职业人群饮酒情况及相关问题

目的：描述我国六地区四种特殊职业人群的饮酒情况及与饮酒相关问题发生率，并与普通人群相比较。方法：抽样调查，使用定式问卷及ＤＳＭ－ＩＩ－Ｒ诊断标准向９８００名受试者（１８－６５岁）调查饮酒情况、饮酒相关的社会、心理和躯体问题。结果：男女及总饮酒率分别为８６．２％、４４．１％和７４．１％，年平均饮酒量分别为８．２５、０．５６及６．００升纯酒精。酒依赖的男性、女性和总的时点患病率分别为１０．５４５％、０．１４１％和７．５６１％，急性酒中毒的半年患病率分别为７．９１６％、０．０７１％和５．６６８％。与普通人群相比，四种特殊职业人群的饮酒率、年饮酒量和与饮酒相关的损害均较高。结论：职业环境是影响饮酒的重要因素之一，处于特殊环境的人群是出现酒问题的高危人群。     

Co‐occurring medical conditions in adults with Down syndrome: A systematic review toward the development of health care guidelines. Part II

Adults with Down syndrome (DS) represent a unique population who are in need of clinical guidelines to address their medical care. Many of these conditions are of public health importance with the potential to develop screening recommendations to improve clinical care for this population. Our workgroup previously identified and prioritized co‐occurring medical conditions in adults with DS. In this study, we again performed detailed literature searches on an additional six medical conditions of clinical importance. A series of key questions (KQ) were formulated a priori to guide the literature search strategy. Our KQs focused on disease prevalence, severity, risk‐factors, methodologies for screening/evaluation, impact on morbidity, and potential costs/benefits. The available evidence was extracted, evaluated and graded on quality. The number of participants and the design of clinical studies varied by condition and were often inadequate for answering most of the KQ. Based upon our review, we provide a summary of the findings on hip dysplasia, menopause, acquired cardiac valve disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hematologic disorders, and dysphagia. Minimal evidence demonstrates significant gaps in our clinical knowledge that compromises clinical decision‐making and management of these medically complex individuals. The creation of evidence‐based clinical guidance for this population will not be possible until these gaps are addressed.     

阅读困难儿童脑功能侧化的研究—汉语双耳分听测试

本研究以汉语字词作为刺激材料，利用双耳分听的手段，探讨阅读困难儿童脑功能侧化，发现阅读困难儿童处理简单汉语刺激表现出左耳优势（ｌｅｆｔｅａｒａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ），与对照组没有差异，而处理复杂汉语刺激则未表现出耳优势（Ｎｏｅａｒａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ），与对照组差异有显著性。支持阅读困难儿童双侧半球均过度激活的假说。     

利培酮与氯丙嗪治疗精神分裂症对照研究

目的　评价利培酮治疗精神分裂症的疗效和副作用。方法　将 5 9例精神分裂症住院病人随机分为利培酮 ( 4 mg/d)1组 ( 1 9例 )、利培酮 ( 6 mg/d) 2组 ( 2 0例 )和氯丙嗪组 ( 2 0例 ) ,治疗 8周。用阳性与阴性症状量表 ( PANSS)评定疗效 ,用副反应量表 ( BPRS)及锥体外系副反应量表 ( TESS)评定副反应。结果　利培酮两个剂量组与氯丙嗪组之间疗效无显著性差异。在认知因子、阴性因子、PANSS总分减分率方面 ,利培酮组与氯丙嗪组有显著性差异。利培酮的副反应有锥体外系反应、失眠、头昏等。结论　利培酮是一种安全有效的抗精神病药物 ,在改善认知功能和阴性症状方面 ,利培酮优于氯丙嗪 ,少数病例可出现锥体外系反应。     

抗人大肠癌单链抗体的构建、表达及其体内外生物学活性的检测

目的 将抗人大肠癌单克隆抗体ND-1(mAb)的VR和VL基因进行重组，构建和表达ND－1scFv，并对其在体内外的生物学活性进行检测。采用RT－PCR技术，从能够分泌mAb ND-1的鼠杂交瘤细胞中扩增VH和RL基因，通过重叠延伸拼接PCR在VH和VL基因间引入连接短肽，体外构构建ND－1scFv基因，并在大肠杆菌中表达。采用间接免疫荧光（IFA）EY IF工IMPG-1scFv的免疫学活性。用^99Tc^m标记ND－1scFv后，将偶联物给予荷瘤裸鼠，观察其在动物体内的显像及生物学分布。结果 SDS－PAGEW显示，重组蛋白Mr为30000，同预期结果一致。IFA及ELISA检测表明，ND－1scFv保留了与亲本抗体相近的免疫学活性，对表达相应抗原的靶细胞具有行异结合活性。体内放射免疫实验显示，^99Tc^m-ND-1scFv在荷瘤小鼠体内的生物学分布，呈明显的肿瘤积聚趋向，注入体内1h血中T／NT即在2．61。结论 获得免疫学活性良好的ND－1scFv，对荷瘤动物体内肿瘤的定位快速，准确，可望成为有效的肿瘤诊断和治疗的导向载体。     

Combined hormone therapy in postmenopausal women with features of metabolic syndrome. Results from a population-based study of Swedish women: Women's Health in the Lund Area study

OBJECTIVE: To delineate the influence of hormone therapy (HT) on features of metabolic syndrome with special reference to the composition and mode of administration of three specific HT regimens, all containing estradiol (E2) + norethisterone. DESIGN: The Women's Health in the Lund Area project screened all women (n = 10,766), born between 1935 and 1945. Complete data were obtained from 6,917 women. Those at or above defined cutoff limits were considered positively screened (n = 3,593) for metabolic syndrome. All of them were invited to undergo an oral glucose tolerance test; 2,923 women accepted. After excluding 200 women with impaired fasting glucose, 2,723 women were included in the present analysis. Serum lipids were determined by conventional standard methods at the department of clinical chemistry of Lund University Hospital. RESULTS: According to World Health Organization criteria, 2,123 women had normal glucose tolerance and 600 women had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). IGT was less common (P = 0.001) among users of a transdermal patch [CYC-TRANS; E2 50 microg + norethisterone acetate (NETA) 250microg] compared with the two-combined oral regimen [CON-O (continuous oral E2 2 mg + NETA 1 mg) + CYC-O (sequential oral E2 2 mg + NETA 1 mg)]. Furthermore, IGT was more common among CON-O users when compared with either the CYC-O + CYC-TRANS group (P = 0.002) or the CYC-TRANS only group (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences between CYC-O versus CYC-TRANS or CON-O. Serum levels of total cholesterol were higher in the CYC-TRANS group than in the combined CON-O + CYC-O group (P < 0.05); they also were higher (P = 0.05) when comparing the CYC-O + CYC-TRANS versus CON-O as well as higher in CYC-TRANS versus CON-O (P < 0.05). Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher in the CYC-O (P = 0.001), CYC-TRANS (P < 0.05), and the CYC-O + CYC-TRANS (P = 0.001) groups when compared with the CON-O users. There were no differences in the mean age, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), body mass index, waste-hip ratio, or the rate of cigarette and alcohol consumption between the different hormone regimens. CONCLUSION: The risk of having a pathological glucose load was lower in transdermal versus oral users of HT. Transdermal HT could be regarded as first-line treatment in women at risk of developing diabetes.     

维吾尔族、汉族初中毕业生考前心理状态的调查与分析

青少年期是人生的黄金段 ,是个体从儿童过渡到成年 ,逐步走向成熟的中间阶段。这一阶段的生理及心理变化大 ,容易产生心理问题。特别是在初中毕业前 ,还面临今后的前途问题 ,心理状态更加复杂。本文对本地区人口最多的维吾尔族和汉族初中毕业生考前心理状态进行了调查与分析 ,以了解不同文化背景、不同民族的初中毕业生考前心理状态 ,为青少年心理健康咨询提供指导。1　调查对象与方法1.1　调查对象新疆乌鲁木齐市第五中学 (维吾尔族中学 )。1999年初中毕业生共 170名 ,全部为维吾尔族 ,其中 :男 75名 ,女生 95名 ,年龄 14～ 16岁。新疆乌鲁…